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I-China isiphenduke umthengisi omkhulu wemikhiqizo ye-sanitary ware
2024-04-16
Phakathi kuka-2010 no-2022, ukugeleza komhlaba wonke nokuthekelisa kwamanye amazwe kwe-ceramic sanitary ware kukhuphuke ngo-71.3% kusuka kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-2.16 kuya kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-3.7, izinga lokukhula ngonyaka elihlanganisiwe lika-4.6%. Kodwa-ke, umkhuba omuhle owaqhubeka cishe sonke isikhathi (ngaphandle kuka-2020 ngenxa yalolu bhubhane) waphinde waphazamiseka ngo-2022, nokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kwehle ngo-5.6% uma kuqhathaniswa no-2021. Lo mkhuba omubi ubonwe cishe kuwo wonke amazwe akhiqizayo kanye namazwe amakhulu athumela ngaphandle.
I-Asia isalokhu ingumthengisi omkhulu kunayo yonke emhlabeni wempahla yenhlanzeko, ikhulisa isabelo sayo sempahla ethunyelwa ngaphandle ibe ngu-66% naphezu kokwehla ngo-3.5% kuya kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-2.44 ngo-2022. Lona umphumela ohlanganisiwe wokuwohloka komnotho cishe kubo bonke abathumeli bangaphandle abakhulu base-Asia (okuyi-China, India, Thailand, kanye neVietnam), okuwukuphela kwento ehlukile enhle okuyi-Iran.
Ukuthunyelwa okuvela ku-European Union, okuyindawo yesibili ngobukhulu emhlabeni, nakho kwehle ngamaphesenti angu-3.7 kuya kumathani angu-520,000. Abathengisi abathathu abakhulu kakhulu bebodwa babalele ingxenye yokuthunyelwa kwe-EU, kodwa balandela izindlela ezihlukene, lapho iPoland nePortugal igcina amazinga ka-2021, kanti ukuthunyelwa kweJalimane kwamanye amazwe kwehle ngo-4.6%. INyakatho Melika (NAFTA) ibone ukwehla okukhulu kwamadijithi aphindwe kabili ekuthengisweni kwamanye amazwe, kwehlela kumathani angama-328,000 (phansi ngo-13.5% ukusuka ngo-2021), ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokwehla kwe-10% eMexico. Amazwe angewona awe-EU abone ukuncipha okufanayo ekuthengisweni kwamanye amazwe (-13.1% kuya kumathani angama-253,000), iTurkey yehle ngo-8.3% (187,000 amathani). Okunye osekwehlayo yiNingizimu Melika (84,000 tonnes, -15.4%) kanye ne-Afrika (73,000 tonnes, -7%).
Uma sibheka sonke isikhathi seminyaka eyi-12, kuvela isithombe esicacile sokuthuthukiswa kokuthekelisa esifundeni ngasinye, ikakhulukazi ukukhula kwe-Asia, lapho ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kuphindeka kabili kusuka kumathani ayizigidi eziyi-1.1 kuya kumathani ayizigidi ezi-2.4 (CAGR 2022/2010 + 6.9%). Isabelo se-Asia sokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe sikhuphuke sisuka ku-51% ngo-2010 saya ku-66% namuhla, sidlula ingxenye cishe yazo zonke ezinye izifunda.
Ngokuphambene, ukuthengiswa kwe-EU kwahlala kungashintshile kumathani angama-522,000 phakathi naleso sikhathi, futhi ingxenye yayo yohwebo lomhlaba yehla isuka ku-24.2% yaya ku-14%. Nakuba ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe sekukonke kukhuphuke ngamaphesenti angama-22 kusukela ngo-2010, isabelo se-NAFTA sehlile sisuka kumaphesenti angu-12.4 saya kumaphesenti angu-8.9. INingizimu Melika, eyaba ngamaphesenti angu-4.6 okuthengiswa kwamanye amazwe emhlabeni ngo-2010, yabona ukuthi isabelo sayo sehla safinyelela kumaphesenti angu-2.3, kuyilapho umthamo wezinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle wahlala uzinzile iminyaka eyi-12. Okuhlukile kube ngamazwe angewona awe-EU aseYurophu nase-Afrika, lapho ingxenye yamazwe angewona awe-EU Europe emhlabeni wonke inyuke isuka ku-6.1% yaya ku-6.8% esikhathini esiyiminyaka eyi-12 ngenxa yokwenyuka kwenani lempahla ethunyelwa ngaphandle ngama-92%, kanti ukuthunyelwa kwe-Afrika kwamanye amazwe kukhule ngo-105% phakathi naleso sikhathi, okukhulise isabelo sayo sohwebo lomhlaba sisuka ku-1.7% saya ku-2%.
Kube noshintsho oluncane emazingeni abathengisi abaphuma phambili abayi-10 ngo-2022, iPoland isuka endaweni yesi-6 yaya kwesi-5 ne-Iran isuka kweye-10 iye kweyesi-9, ishintshana neThailand neVietnam ngokulandelana. I-China igcine indawo ephezulu, ikhiphe amathani ayizigidi eziyi-1.92 (ehle ngo-2.6% kusukela ngo-2021), ibalwa nama-78% okuthunyelwa kwe-Asia kanye nama-52% okuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe. I-Mexico, okuyindawo yesibili ngobukhulu ethumela ngaphandle, ebalwa ngamaphesenti angu-8 okuthunyelwa komhlaba wonke, ibone ukuthunyelwa kwayo kwehla ngamaphesenti angu-10.2 kuya kumathani angu-295,000. Ngemuva kokukhula okuqinile ngo-2021, i-India nayo yehla, lapho ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kwehla kusuka kumathani angama-264,000 kuya kumathani angama-251,000 (-4.9%) ngonyaka odlule. Lokhu kwalandelwa iTurkey ngamathani angu-187,000 (-8.3%), iPoland ngamathani angu-91,000 (+0.2%), kwase kulandela iThailand, iJalimane, iPortugal, i-Iran neVietnam. Sekukonke, abathumeli bezindlu zangasese abahamba phambili abayi-10 babalelwa ku-84% okuthunyelwa ngaphandle komhlaba.
Ukuhlaziywa kokungeniswa kwezwekazi ngo-2022 akuqinisekisi nje kuphela ukuthi i-Asia neNyakatho Melika yizifunda ezimbili ezibalela iningi lempahla yenhlanzeko ethunyelwa ngaphandle, kodwa futhi kukhombisa ukuthi ukungenisa kwazo kucishe kube isicaba: amathani ayizigidi eziyi-1.11 e-Asia (ama-30% okuthengwa kwempahla yenhlanzeko emhlabeni wonke, akhuphuke ngo-3.3% kusukela ngo-2021); INyakatho Melika ibale amathani ayizigidi eziyi-1.03 (ama-27.9% ezinto ezithengwayo emhlabeni jikelele, ngama-8.8% ngaphansi kuka-2021). I-European Union nayo ingeyaleli qembu elihamba phambili, elibalelwa ku-21% wezinto ezithengwayo emhlabeni wonke ngo-2022 naphezu kokwehla ngo-8% kuya kumathani angama-770,000.
Ama-21% asele okuthengwa kwamanye amazwe ase-Afrika, eNingizimu Melika, emazweni angewona awe-EU aseYurophu nase-Oceania.
Izinga lamazwe ayi-10 aphezulu angenisa impahla yenhlanzeko ngo-2022 libonise izinguquko ezithile zezikhundla uma kuqhathaniswa nonyaka odlule, lapho i-Italy iphuma futhi iSaudi Arabia ingena. Sekukonke, abangenisi abaphezulu abayi-10 bempahla yenhlanzeko babalelwa ku-50.6% (amathani ayizigidi eziyi-1.86) okuthengwa kwempahla ehlanzekile emhlabeni wonke.
Ngo-2022, i-United States yaphinda yaba ngumthengisi omkhulu kunabo bonke emhlabeni wempahla ye-sanitary, ingenisa amathani angama-875,000 (yehle ngo-6% ukusuka ku-2021). Igcina ukuhola okuqinile kubo bonke abanye abathekelisi, okubalelwa kumaphesenti angama-23.6 okuthengwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe futhi cishe konke (amaphesenti angama-85) okungenisa ezweni esifundeni se-NAFTA. Uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi ukuthengiswa kwe-US ngo-2010 kweqe amathani ayi-500,000, okubalelwa ku-23% wezinto ezithengwayo emhlabeni, lokhu kubonisa ukuqhubeka kwerekhodi lesikhathi eside.
IGermany ikhuphukele endaweni yesibili ngokuthengwa kwamathani acishe abe ngu-150,000 (-3.7% uma kuqhathaniswa no-2021), yadlula iNingizimu Korea ngokuthengwa kwamathani angu-141,000 (-9.8%), yalandelwa yiFrance (130,000 tonnes, -13.8%), United Kingdom (112,000), ne-United States. -14.8%), eCanada, eSpain, eSaudi Arabia, eVietnam nasePhilippines.
IJalimane neVietnam ziphakathi kwabahwebi abahamba phambili abayi-10 nabangenisa impahla ngaphandle abayi-10, bangenisa ngaphezu kokuthumela ngaphandle.
Iphuzu lokugcina elithakaselwayo ukuhlaziya izindawo ezinkulu zokuthumela ngaphandle okusekelwe endaweni yokukhiqiza. Izifunda ezine kweziyisikhombisa zithengisa ingxenye enkulu yezinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle endaweni yazo noma ezwenikazi lazo: Amaphesenti angama-97 emikhiqizo ethunyelwa ngaphandle yaseNyakatho Melika isagxile esifundeni saseNyakatho Melika Yohwebo Olukhululekile (NAFTA); Amaphesenti angama-82 emikhiqizo yaseNingizimu Melika ethunyelwa ngaphandle isaya eLatin America; Amaphesenti angama-80 okuthengiswa kwe-Oceania asele e-Oceania; U-78% wezinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ze-EU ziya emakethe ye-EU.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-85% okuthengiswa ngaphandle kwe-EU Europe aya kwezinye izindawo, ikakhulukazi e-EU (imakethe enkulu kunazo zonke yaseTurkey). Ngokufanayo, amaphesenti angama-82 okuthengiswa kwe-Afrika ngaphandle kwe-Afrika kanti amaphesenti angama-58 okuthengiswa kwe-Asia aphuma ngaphandle kwezwekazi, ngenxa yekhono leChina lokuthumela ngomkhumbi cishe kuzo zonke izifunda zomhlaba.