Impahla yaseShayina ethunyelwa ngaphandle

Ngokwemininingwane edalulwe yi-General Administration of Customs, isamba esiphelele sokungenisa kanye nokuthekelisa kwempahla ye-sanitary e-China kusuka ngo-2019 kuya ku-2021 kukhombisa ukukhuphuka okuphezulu. Ngo-2021, inani eliphelele lokungeniswa kanye nokuthunyelwa kwempahla ye-sanitary e-China lingama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-13.902. Ngokombono woshintsho emalini enqwabelene yohwebo yokungenisa nokuthekelisa ngaphandle kwempahla yenhlanzeko e-China, insalela yohwebo yempahla yangasese e-China kusukela ngo-2019 kuya ku-2022 ikhombisa umkhuba okhulayo. Ngo-2021, imali enqwabelene yokuhweba ngezinto zenhlanzeko yaseChina ingama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-13.471. Izinga lempahla ethunyelwa ngaphandle ngokuvamile liphakeme kakhulu kunezinga lempahla ethengwayo, futhi ukuncintisana komhlaba wonke kokukhiqizwa kwempahla ehlanzekile yaseShayina kanye nokuthengisa kuye kwanda kancane kancane. Kodwa-ke, ngo-2022, inani eliphelele lokungenisa nokuthekelisa kanye nensalela yokuhweba embonini yezimpahla zenhlanzeko yehla, futhi isamba esiphelele sokungenisa nokuthekelisa kanye nensalela yohwebo yaba ngamabhiliyoni angama- $ 13.2 kanye namabhiliyoni angama-12.898, ngokulandelana.

Kusukela ngo-2017 kuya ku-2021, ukungeniswa kwempahla yenhlanzeko yaseChina sekukonke kukhombise ukukhuphuka okunyukayo, kukhuphuke kakhulu ngo-2021, ukuthunyelwa kwempahla yenhlanzeko yaseChina ngo-2021 $ 215 million, okuwukunyuka kwama-39.74%, okukhombisa ukwanda kwesidingo sabathengi baseShayina semikhiqizo yempahla yangaphandle. Kodwa-ke, inani lehla ngo-2022 futhi inani lokungenisa lonyaka lalingama- $ 151 wezigidi.

Ngokuya ngesakhiwo semikhiqizo engenisiwe, ngo-2022, ivolumu yokungenisa "yezitsha zokugeza zobumba, obhavu kanye nemishini yokuhlanzeka efanayo" yayinkulu kakhulu, yafinyelela ezigidini ezingama-88.81 zamadola aseMelika, ibalwa ku-58.8% yenani eliphelele lokungenisa konyaka. Ibekwe endaweni yesibili ngokwenani lokungenisa "izitsha zokugeza zobumba, obhavu nezitsha ezifanayo zenhlanzeko", ezinenani lokungenisa eliyizigidi eziyi-18.06 zamadola aseMelika, okubalelwa ku-12.0%; Ukungeniswa kwamanye amazwe "kobhavu bepulasitiki, amathreyi eshawa, osinki nezitsha" kufinyelele ku-16.94 wezigidi zamaRandi aseMelika, okubalelwa ku-11.2%; Ezinye izimpahla zithatha ingxenye encane uma kuqhathaniswa.

Amazwe omthombo oyinhloko wokungenisa impahla noma izifunda zemboni yezimpahla zenhlanzeko yiThailand, Vietnam, Germany, njll., lapho inani lemikhiqizo ehlobene nempahla yenhlanzeko engenisiwe evela eThailand ngo-2022 iyizigidi ezingama-41.56 zamadola aseMelika, okubalelwa ku-27.5% yenani eliphelele lokungeniswa kwempahla yangasese ngalowo nyaka; Kulandelwa iVietnam, inani elivela kwamanye amazwe liyizigidi ezingama-20.71 zamadola aseMelika, okubalelwa ku-13.7%; Inani lemikhiqizo yempahla yenhlanzeko engenisiwe evela eJalimane yayingamaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-20.26, ibalwa ku-13.4%; Amanye amazwe angenisa ngaphansi kuka-10% wengqikithi.

Kusukela ngo-017 kuya ku-2021, ukuthunyelwa kwezindlu zangasese zaseShayina kubonise ukuthambekela okukhuphukayo, kwathi ngo-2021, ukuthunyelwa kwezindlu zangasese zaseChina kwaba ngamaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-13.686, okuwukunyuka ngo-9.20%. Ngo-2022, inani lokuthekelisa lempahla yenhlanzeko lehlile, futhi inani lonyaka lokuthekelisa lemikhiqizo yempahla yenhlanzeko lingamadola ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-13.049, futhi intuthuko isiyonke yemakethe yokuthekelisa yempahla yaseChina ibonakala iyinhle.

Ngokombono wesakhiwo somkhiqizo othunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, umthamo wokuthekelisa wemikhiqizo eminingi yokuhlanzeka ukhombise ukukhuphuka inkambiso kule minyaka emihlanu edlule. Phakathi kwazo, ngo-2022, ivolumu yokuthekelisa "yezitsha zokugeza ze-porcelain, obhavu kanye nemishini yokuhlanzeka efanayo" yayinkulu kakhulu, yafinyelela ku-9.229 billion wamadola aseMelika, okuhlanganisa i-70,4% yenani eliphelele lokuthumela ngaphandle. Kulandelwa "ezinye izitsha zensimbi nezingxenye zensimbi", inani lokuthekelisa lalingamadola ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1.692, okubalelwa ku-13.0% yenani eliphelele lokuthumela ngaphandle; Ikleliswe endaweni yesithathu "ngosinki bensimbi engagqwali nezitsha zokugeza", ezithunyelwa ngaphandle kwezigidigidi eziyi-1.271 zamadola aseMelika, okubalelwa ku-9.7% wesamba esiphelele esithunyelwa ngaphandle; Ukuthunyelwa kweminye imikhiqizo konke bekungaphansi kwebhiliyoni elingu-$1.

Amazwe ayinhloko okuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe noma izifunda zemboni yokugezela yi-United States, Vietnam, Philippines, South Korea, Malaysia, njll., lapho inani lemikhiqizo ehlobene negumbi lokugezela elithunyelwa e-United States ngo-2022 lingama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-2.227, elibalelwa ku-17.1% yenani eliphelele lokuthunyelwa kwezindlu zangasese ngonyaka; Ilandelwa yiVietnam, iPhilippines kanye neMalaysia, inani elithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe lalingama-yuan ayizigidi ezingama-973, amayuan ayizigidi ezingama-591, amayuan ayizigidi ezingama-538 kanye namayuan ayizigidi ezingama-432, okubalelwa ku-7.5%, 4.5% kanye no-4.1% ngokulandelana.